Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes

Functionalized carbon nanotubes (FCNTs) typically appear as fine black powders or dispersions. Key features include exceptional mechanical strength, electrical conductivity, and high aspect ratio, combined with improved processability due to functionalization. These properties make them highly suitable for advanced composites, conductive coatings, and sensors, where their ability to significantly enhance material properties at low loading levels is invaluable. 

While other nanofillers like graphene or nanoclays exist, FCNTs offer a unique combination of electrical and mechanical properties, often with better dispersion due to their functionalization. A strong trend is the development of FCNTs with specific functionalities for targeted applications, such as improving adhesion with polymer matrices or enabling specific chemical reactions. Sub-types vary widely based on the attached functional groups, leading to different surface chemistries, and can also be single-walled (SWCNTs) or multi-walled (MWCNTs), influencing their overall properties.