Quaternium-15 is a formaldehyde-releasing quaternary ammonium salt used as a preservative and antistatic agent in cosmetics. It slowly releases formaldehyde to inhibit bacterial, yeast, and mold growth, while also reducing static in hair products. This cream-colored powder with a pungent odor appears in shampoos, conditioners, lotions, creams, and some makeup formulations for microbial protection and improved manageability. Due to formaldehyde concerns and sensitization risks, its use has declined significantly, with many brands reformulating away from it.
Products with QUATERNIUM-15
With samples available
STEPAN-MILD® BSB
by Stepan Company
Miracare® MS-1
by Syensqo
Miracare® MS-4
by Syensqo
What is QUATERNIUM-15 used for?
- Preservative: Inhibits microbial growth via formaldehyde release. Historically used in creams, lotions, shampoos, and cleansers to extend shelf life.
- Antistatic agent: Reduces static electricity in hair. Common in conditioners, styling products, and hair sprays for smoother, less flyaway hair.
- Surfactant: Lowers surface tension for better mixing. Occasionally used in cleansers and emulsions for improved texture and stability.
Origin
Quaternium-15 is produced synthetically by reacting hexamethylenetetramine (methenamine) with 1,3-dichloropropene (chloroallyl chloride). This chemical synthesis yields the quaternary ammonium salt as a cream-colored powder with a pungent odor. It is fully petrochemical-derived and manufactured for industrial and cosmetic applications.
What does QUATERNIUM-15 do in a formulation?
PRESERVATIVE|
ANTISTATIC|
SURFACTANTSafety Profile
Quaternium-15 is a formaldehyde releaser and known skin sensitizer, with moderate to high hazard ratings (EWG 4-7) due to potential allergic contact dermatitis and formaldehyde exposure risks. The CIR Expert Panel concluded it is safe up to 0.2% when formulated to be non-irritating, but noted increasing sensitization in North America. It is banned in the EU since 2017 (Annex II) and restricted or phased out in many regions (e.g., California Proposition 65 concerns). Avoid in sensitive or allergy-prone skin; patch testing strongly advised. Not suitable for modern clean beauty claims. EU COSING lists it with severe restrictions or prohibition.
QUATERNIUM-15 alternatives
QUATERNIUM-15 technical profile
| Property | Values |
| Boiling Point | Decomposes |
| pH | Neutral to slightly acidic |
| Solubility | Soluble in water |